Emoji as promising tools for emotional evaluation in orthodontics

Marañón-Vásquez, Guido Artemio; Maia, Lucianne Cople; Barreto, Luísa Schubach da Costa; da Cruz, Mariana Farias; Jural, Lucas Alves; Araújo, Mônica Tirre de Souza; Pithon, Matheus Melo

doi:10.1186/s40510-022-00418-3

Progress in Orthodontics

Table 2 Frequency (%) of choice of each emoji among the oral conditions

From: Emoji as promising tools for emotional evaluation in orthodontics

Emoji	Oral condition									P-value
	C1	C2	C3	C4	C5	C6	C7	C8	C9
Positive valence
	0.0	1.5^a	13.4^b	7.5^c	2.0^a	25.4^d	1.5^a	0.0	4.5^ac	< 0.001
	0.0	0.0	2.5^a	0.0	0.5^a	12.9^b	0.0	0.0	0.0	< 0.001
	0.0	1.0^a	6.5^b	3.0^ab	2.0^a	6.5^b	1.0^a	1.0^a	2.0^a	< 0.001
	0.0	0.5^a	11.9^b	7.0^b	2.5^a	29.4^c	2.0^a	0.0	2.5^a	< 0.001
	2.0	1.5	1.0	1.5	3.5	0.5	0.5	1.5	1.0	0.230
	0.0	0.0	1.0^a	0.5^a†	0.5^a†	6.5^b	0.0	0.0	0.5^a	< 0.001
	0.5^a	2.0^ab	2.0^ab	2.5^ab	1.0^a	5.0^b	2.0^ab	0.0	2.5^ab	0.019
	0.5^a	0.0	13.9^b	8.5^c	1.0^a	17.9^b	1.0^a	0.0	2.0^a	< 0.001
	0.0	0.0	2.0^a	0.5^a	0.0	10.9^b	0.0	0.0	0.0	< 0.001
	0.5^a	1.0^ac	10.0^b	3.0^c	2.0^ac	23.4^d	1.0^ac	1.0^ac	2.0^ac	< 0.001
Negative valence
	29.9^ad	28.9^ad	19.4^b	19.9^b	24.9^ab	2.5^c	30.8^a	22.9^bd	29.9^a	< 0.001
	33.8^ae	36.3^a	7.5^b	11.4^b	19.9^c	2.5^d	23.4^cf	38.3^a	26.9^ef	< 0.001
	1.5^ab	2.0^ab	0.0	1.5^ab	0.5^a	0.5^a	0.5^a	3.5^b	1.5^ab	0.024
	17.9^a	7.0^b	0.5^c	2.5^de	2.5^def	0.5^cd	5.5^be	22.9^a	6.0^bf	< 0.001
	13.4^a	11.9^a	2.5^b	3.0^bd	10.9^ae	1.0^b	11.4^ae	20.9^c	6.5^de	< 0.001
	7.5^a	4.0^ab	0.0	1.5^b	4.0^ab	0.0	4.0^ab	20.9^c	3.5^b	< 0.001
	1.0	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.0	1.0	2.5	1.0	0.209
	16.4^af	14.9^acf	2.5^b	5.5^bd	10.0^cd	0.5^e	10.9^acg	19.4^f	9.0^dg	< 0.001
	19.4^a	14.9^ac	2.0^b	3.5^b	12.9^cde	2.5^b	12.9^ce	19.4^ad	8.0^e	< 0.001
	7.0^ac	12.9^b	9.0^abc	10.9^ab	6.0^ac	4.5^c	6.0^ac	6.5^ac	8.0^abc	0.019
	2.0^a	2.0^a	3.5^a	4.0^a	4.0^a	2.5^a	9.0^b	2.5^a	4.5^a	0.002
	15.4^a	16.9^a	0.0	0.5^b	9.0^c	0.0	8.0^c	23.4^d	9.0^c	< 0.001
	0.5	1.5	0.0	1.5	0.5	0.0	0.5	0.5	1.5	0.375
	13.9^a	8.0^b	0.0	1.0^ce	7.5^bf	0.5^c	5.5^bf	24.9^d	3.5^ef	< 0.001
	10.0^ad	6.5^ace	0.5^b	1.5^bc	6.0^ace	0.0	4.0^ce	11.4^d	4.5^e	< 0.001
	6.0	6.0	6.5	6.0	7.5	10.4	5.5	5.0	8.0	0.289
	5.5^a	5.0^a	6.0^a	7.0^ab	6.0^a	5.5^a	11.4^b	3.5^a	7.0^a	0.025
Neutral valence
	21.4^ad	24.4^ade	23.4^ade	35.3^bf	25.9^ae	10.9^c	24.9^ade	18.9^d	30.3^ef	< 0.001
	5.5^a	5.5^a	14.4^b	12.9^bc	13.4^bc	7.5^ac	16.4^b	5.0^a	11.9^bc	< 0.001
	2.0	3.5	2.5	4.0	4.5	1.0	4.5	5.0	4.0	0.255

C1—crowding, C2—anterior open bite, C3—interincisal diastema, C4—increased overjet and deep bite (Class II division 1), C5—anterior crossbite (Class III), C6—ideal occlusion, C7—unilateral posterior crossbite, C8—anterior open bite plus bilateral posterior crossbite plus crowding, C9—deep bite (Class II division 2)
^a,^b,c,d,e,f,g Different superscript letters indicate difference between conditions in the same row
^†The conditions for comparison between the groups using the McNemar test were not met

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