Skeletal and dental effects produced by functional regulator-2 in pre-pubertal class II patients: a controlled study

Letizia Perillo; Alberta Femiano; Stefano Palumbo; Luca Contardo; Giuseppe Perinetti

doi:10.1186/2196-1042-14-18

Progress in Orthodontics

Table 1 Chephalometric skeletal parameters of the groups and corresponding changes ( n = 17 per group)

From: Skeletal and dental effects produced by functional regulator-2 in pre-pubertal class II patients: a controlled study

Parameter	Group	Time point		Changes	ES coefficient
Parameter	Group	T0	T1	Changes	ES coefficient
Maxillary
SNA angle (°)	Treated	80.6 ± 2.4	80.2 ± 2.5	−0.4 ± 1.3	0.1 (−0.6-0.7)
SNA angle (°)	Control	79.8 ± 2.7	79.5 ± 2.8	−0.3 ± 1.5	0.1 (−0.6-0.7)
Difference		NS	NS	NS	NS
A to N perp (mm)	Treated	1.8 ± 2.5	1.1 ± 2.9	−0.7 ± 1.6	0.2 (−0.5-0.8)
A to N perp (mm)	Control	2.2 ± 2.5	1.8 ± 2.9	−0.4 ± 1.6	0.2 (−0.5-0.8)
Difference		NS	NS	NS	NS
Co-A (mm)	Treated	85.1 ± 3.8	87.6 ± 4.3*	2.5 ± 1.9	0.2 (−0.4-0.9)
Co-A (mm)	Control	82.7 ± 3.2	84.7 ± 3.8*	2.0 ± 2.1	0.2 (−0.4-0.9)
Difference		NS	p < 0.05	NS	NS
Mandibular
SNB angle (°)	Treated	74.2 ± 2.0	74.7 ± 2.3**	0.5 ± 1.0	0.1 (−0.6-0.7)
SNB angle (°)	Control	73.6 ± 2.2	74.0 ± 2.5	0.4 ± 1.2	0.1 (−0.6-0.7)
Difference		NS	NS	NS	NS
Pg to N perp (mm)	Treated	−6.9 ± 3.9	−7.3 ± 4.5	−0.4 ± 2.0	0.3 (−0.4-0.9)
Pg to N perp (mm)	Control	−5.0 ± 3.4	−4.8 ± 4.8	0.2 ± 2.1	0.3 (−0.4-0.9)
Difference		NS	NS	NS	NS
Co-Gn (mm)	Treated	103.6 ± 4.6	107.7 ± 5.3***	4.1 ± 2.2	0.0 (−0.6-0.7)
Co-Gn (mm)	Control	101.9 ± 4.4	105.9 ± 6.2***	4.0 ± 3.0	0.0 (−0.6-0.7)
Difference		NS	NS	NS	NS
Maxillo-mandibular
ANB angle (°)	Treated	6.5 ± 1.5	4.8 ± 0.9***	−1.7 ± 1.2	0.8 (−0.1-1.5)
ANB angle (°)	Control	6.2 ± 1.2	5.5 ± 1.1	−0.7 ± 1.3	0.8 (−0.1-1.5)
Difference		NS	NS	p < 0.05	p < 0.05
Wits (mm)	Treated	3.8 ± 1.2	2.4 ± 1.3*	−1.4 ± 1.1	0.1 (−0.6-0.8)
Wits (mm)	Control	3.1 ± 0.8	2.0 ± 2.6	−1.2 ± 2.5	0.1 (−0.6-0.8)
Difference		NS	NS	NS	NS
Max-Mand difference (mm)	Treated	18.4 ± 3.3	20.0 ± 2.9***	1.6 ± 1.4	0.3 (−0.4-0.9)
Max-Mand difference (mm)	Control	19.2 ± 2.7	21.3 ± 4.3*	2.1 ± 2.1	0.3 (−0.4-0.9)
Difference		NS	NS	NS	NS
Vertical
FH-palatal plane angle (°)	Treated	−2.9 ± 3.4	−2.3 ± 3.8	0.6 ± 1.2	0.4 (−0.3-1.1)
FH-palatal plane angle (°)	Control	−4.6 ± 3.1	−4.5 ± 2.8	0.1 ± 1.3	0.4 (−0.3-1.1)
Difference		NS	NS	NS	NS
FH-mandibular plane angle (°)	Treated	22.5 ± 4.9	22.2 ± 5.1	−0.3 ± 1.1	0.4 (−0.3-1.1)
FH-mandibular plane angle (°)	Control	22.2 ± 4.9	22.5 ± 4.6	0.2 ± 1.3	0.4 (−0.3-1.1)
Difference		NS	NS	NS	NS
Palatal plane-mandibular plane (°)	Treated	25.4 ± 3.1	24.4 ± 3.0**	−0.9 ± 1.3	0.6 (−0.0-1.3)
Palatal plane-mandibular plane (°)	Control	26.8 ± 5.3	26.9 ± 4.9	0.1 ± 1.7	0.6 (−0.0-1.3)
Difference		NS	NS	NS	NS

Data are presented as mean ± SD or mean (95% confidence interval). For the ES coefficient, the null hypothesis is to be equal to zero. NS, difference not statistically significant. Significant differences with the corresponding baseline value: *p < 0.01, **p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001.

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