Effects of crown-root angle on stress distribution in the maxillary central incisors’ PDL during application of intrusive and retraction forces: a three-dimensional finite element analysis

Progress in Orthodontics

Table 3 Stress in three points of maxillary central incisor model during retraction force loading of 59 g

CRA 166.7°	Node	S1	S2	S3	Stress
B1	7,208	-9.08E-03	-9.57E-03	-2.32E-02	0.0154186
B2	7,533	1.94E-03	-2.33E-04	-2.73E-03	0.0019375
B3	7,807	2.07E-02	8.69E-03	8.22E-03	0.0137846
P1	7,195	2.08E-02	8.07E-03	6.48E-03	0.0134312
P2	7,502	3.76E-03	-6.17E-04	-5.81E-03	0.0040120
P3	7,763	-7.38E-03	-9.02E-03	-2.27E-02	0.0147424
A	7,185	7.49E-03	-1.16E-04	-8.58E-03	0.0065767

A, apex; B₁, a node in the labial surface, near the apex; B₂, a node in the labial surface, near the middle of the root; B₃, a node in the labial surface, near the cervix; CRA, crown-root angle; P₁, a node in the palatal surface, near the apex; P₂, a node in the palatal surface, near the middle of the root; P₃, a node in the palatal surface, near the cervix. Stress in three points of the maxillary central incisor model with crown-root angle of 166.7° during retraction force loading of 59 g.