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Progress in Orthodontics

Table 3 Demographics of the observation periods and observation intervals

From: Comparative evaluation of molar distalization therapy with erupted second molar: Segmented versus Quad Pendulum appliance

  T1 to T2 T2 to T3 T1 to T3
  Segmented pendulum group Quad pendulum group   Segmented pendulum group Quad pendulum group   Segmented pendulum group Quad pendulum group  
Cephalometric measures Mean SD Mean SD pvalue Mean SD Mean SD pvalue Mean SD Mean SD pvalue
Sagittal skeletal relations                
 Maxillary position S-N-A 0.30 0.80 0.40 1.10 0.32 0.60 0.60 0.70 0.40 0.14 0.90 0.70 1.10 0.80 0.36
 Mandibular position S-N-Pg −1.00 0.50 −1.80 0.90 0.18 3.50 0.90 3.00 1.06 0.45 2.50 1.10 1.20 0.80 0.61
 Sagittal jaw relation A-N-Pg 1.00 0.60 1.20 0.40 0.35 −3.00 0.50 −3.00 0.30 0.57 −2.00 0.60 −1.80 0.40 0.26
Vertical skeletal relations                
 Maxillary inclination S-N/ANS-PNS 0.30 0.60 0.40 0.20 0.12 0.30 0.60 0.40 0.50 0.16 0.60 0.60 0.80 0.40 0.31
 Vertical jaw relation ANS-PNS/Go-Gn 0.40 0.60 0.60 0.50 0.63 0.40 0.40 0.60 0.50 0.14 0.80 0.50 1.20 0.50 0.0113*
 Mandibular inclination S-N/Go-Gn 0.70 0.90 1.20 0.60 0.0038** 0.70 0.40 0.90 0.50 0.47 1.40 0.70 2.60 0.60 0.0026**
Dento-basal relations                
 Maxillary incisor inclination 1: ANS-PNS 4.10 0.90 6.10 1.10 0.0019** −5.20 1.10 −9.10 1.00 <0,001*** −1.10 1.00 −3.00 1.10 0.0316*
 Mandibular incisor inclination 1: Go-Gn 0.20 0.60 0.10 0.80 0.59 0.70 0.60 1.10 0.90 0.23 0.90 0.60 1.20 0.90 0.12
 Mandibular incisor compensation 1/A-Pg (mm) 0.10 0.60 0.10 1.00 0.23 0.40 0.50 0.70 0.60 0.22 0.50 0.60 0.80 0.80 0.74
Dental relations                
 Overjet (mm) 1.90 0.70 3.90 0.50 <0.001*** −4.80 0.80 −5.20 0.40 0.0153** −2.90 0.80 −1.30 0.50 0.41
 Overbite (mm) −0.20 0.60 −2.10 0.60 <0.001*** −0.50 0.70 0.80 0.40 0.0471* −0.70 0.70 −1.30 0.50 0.0185*
 Interincisal angle (1/1) −4.10 1.10 −5.10 1.20 0.18 7.30 1.10 8.10 0.90 0.51 3.20 1.10 3.00 1.10 0.16
Maxillary dentoalveolar                
 Molar relationship (mm) −4.00 1.00 −3.50 0.90 0.48 0.70 0.80 1.00 0.70 0.31 −3.30 0.90 −2.50 0.80 0.16
 U1 horizontal (mm) 1.70 0.70 2.10 0.90 0.67 −2.60 0.40 −3.40 0.40 0.0035** −0.90 0.60 −1.30 0.70 0.28
 U1 vertical (mm) −0.4 1.00 −1.60 1.20 0.11 1.00 0.70 1.50 0.80 0.15 1.00 0.90 −0.10 1.00 0.0321*
 U4 horizontal (mm) 1.50 1.20 1.80 0.90 0.16 −2.70 0.30 −2.90 0.20 0.15 −1.20 0.80 −1.10 0.60 0.36
 U4 vertical (mm) 0.30 0.20 0.80 0.90 0.38 0.10 0.40 0.20 0.90 0.44 0.40 0.30 1.00 0.90 0.52
 U6 horizontal (mm) −4.00 0.90 −3.50 0.70 0.26 2.20 0.60 2.00 0.70 0.49 −1.80 0.80 −1.50 0.70 0.17
 U7 horizontal (mm) −3.80 1.20 −3.20 0.90 0.42 1.90 0.40 1.90 0.60 0.58 −1.90 0.80 −1.30 0.70 0.16
 U6 vertical (mm) 0.20 0.20 1.10 0.90 <0.001*** 0.80 0.60 0.70 0.40 0.37 1.00 0.40 1.80 0.70 <0.001***
 U1 to FH (deg) 3.80 0.90 6.60 1.20 0.0019** −4.90 0.70 −9.10 0.90 <0.001*** −1.10 0.80 −2.50 1.10 <0.001***
 U4 to FH (deg) 1.60 0.90 2.00 0.70 0.13 −0.90 1.10 −1.30 0.70 0.12 0.70 1.00 0.70 0.70 0.27
 U6 to FH (deg) −9.60 1.60 −4.60 1.10 <0.001*** 10.10 1.10 5.80 0.90 <0.001*** 0.50 1.40 1.20 1.00 0.17
 U7 to FH (deg) −14.60 4.60 −11.60 5.10 0.0454* 13.00 3.40 11.30 4.20 0.53 −1.60 1.40 −0.30 1.00 0.31
Mandibular dentoalveolar                
 L1 horizontal (mm) 0.20 0.30 0.10 0.40 0.46 0.90 0.70 1.30 0.50 0.0237* 1.10 0.50 1.40 0.50 0.14
 L1 vertical (mm) 0.30 0.20 0.60 0.30 0.54 0.40 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.66 0.70 0.30 1.10 0.50 0.26
 L6 horizontal (mm) 0.10 0.40 0.20 0.40 0.67 0.60 0.40 0.90 0.40 0.13 0.70 0.40 1.10 0.40 0.32
 L6 vertical (mm) 0.30 0.40 0.30 0.50 0.17 1.30 0.60 1.10 0.70 0.12 1.60 0.50 1.40 0.60 0.63
  1. Mann-Whitney U test. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.
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