Figure 5

The cephalometric measurements. (a) Angular measurements: 1, SNA angle; 2, SNB angle; 3, ANB angle; 4, mandibular plane to palatal plane angle (PP/MP); 5, sella-nasion line to mandibular plane angle (SN/MP); 6, sella-nasion line to palatal plane angle (SN/PP); 7, occlusal plane to sella-nasion line angle (Occ/SN); 8, maxillary central incisor to sella-nasion line angle (U1/SN); 9, mandibular central incisor gonion-gnathion line angle (L1/GoGn); 10, interincisal angle (U1/L1); 11, mandibular plane to Frankfurt horizontal (MP/FH); 12, facial convexity (G?Sn?Po?). (b) Linear measurements: 1, over bite; 2, overjet; 3, maxillary central incisor protrusion (U1-Apo); 4, maxillary incisor to nasion-pogonion line (U1-NPo); 5, mandibular central incisor to mandibular plane (L1-MP); 8, mandibular fist molar to mandibular plane (L6-MP); 9, maxillary first molar to palatal plane (U6-PP); 10, upper anterior facial height (UAFH); 11, lower anterior facial height (LAFH). (c) SBL measurements: 1, measurement to maxillary central incisor tip (SBL-U1); 2, measurement to palatal plane (SBL-PP); 3, measurement to maxillary first molar occlusal surface (SBL-U6); 4, measurement to gnathion (SBL-Gn).