Table 1 Normal values for the five reference lines [ 1 - 6 ]
From: Sagittal lip positions in different skeletal malocclusions: a cephalometric analysis
Reference lines | Sushner’s S2 line | Burstone’s B line | Steiner’s S1 line | Holdway H line | Ricketts E line |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Normal values in mm | Female | 3.5 ± 1.4 UL | Lips should touch the reference line | LL should touch the reference or line −1 to +2 | 3 to 4 UL |
−2 LL | |||||
8.8 UL | 2.2 ± 1.6 LL | ||||
6.7 LL | |||||
Male | |||||
10.3 UL | |||||
7.8 LL |