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Table 1 Simulations of eight clinical protocols for maxillary protraction
| Simulation | Clinical protocol | Location of force (bilaterally) | Direction of force (to occlusal plane) |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | FM [−30] | Buccal surface of maxillary first molars | −30 |
| B | Pal-MI-FM [−30] | 3-mm lateral of the mid-palatine suture | −30 |
| C | Ant-MI-FM [−15] | Between roots of canine and first premolar | −15 |
| D | Ant-MI-FM [−30] | Between roots of canine and first premolar | −30 |
| E | Ant-MI-FM [−45] | Between roots of canine and first premolar | −45 |
| F | Ant-MI-FM [+30] | Between roots of canine and first premolar | +30 |
| G | Post-MI-FM [−30] | Between roots of second premolar and molar | −30 |
| H | Post-MI-FM [−45] | Between roots of second premolar and molar | −45 |
