Progress in Orthodontics

Table 6 Comparison of our African torque values with those measured by Andrews

From: Three-dimensional assessment of teeth first-, second- and third-order position in Caucasian and African subjects with ideal occlusion

Africans—torque				Andrews’ values			Comparison
	n	Mean	Standard deviation	n	Mean	Standard deviation	t test	p level
TORQUE U7	58	−12.79	10.11	240	−8.10	5.63	−3.41	0.001
TORQUE U6	58	−10.98	9.75	240	−11.53	3.91	.42	ns
TORQUE U5	58	−4.00	8.43	240	−8.78	4.13	4.20	<0.001
TORQUE U4	58	−4.49	8.38	240	−8.47	4.02	3.52	<0.001
TORQUE U3	58	−2.03	7.95	240	−7.25	4.21	4.84	<0.001
TORQUE U2	58	7.41	8.14	240	4.42	4.38	2.70	0.009
TORQUE U1	58	11.41	6.28	240	6.11	3.97	6.14	<0.001
TORQUE L7	58	−32.51	10.93	240	−36.03	6.57	2.35	0.030
TORQUE L6	58	−23.50	9.57	240	−30.67	5.90	5.46	<0.001
TORQUE L5	58	−11.39	8.52	240	−23.63	5.58	10.41	<0.001
TORQUE L4	58	−9.23	7.02	240	−18.95	4.96	9.96	<0.001
TORQUE L3	58	−1.95	7.49	240	−12.73	4.65	10.48	<0.001
TORQUE L2	58	5.50	8.26	240	−3.24	5.37	7.68	<0.001
TORQUE L1	58	9.68	9.18	240	−1.71	5.79	9.02	<0.001

ns not significant

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