Dentofacial characteristics of oral breathers in different ages: a retrospective case–control study

Progress in Orthodontics

Table 1 Intra-group association tests (Pearson’s x², odds ratio) of the qualitative variables—group n 1 (5 to 12 years of age)

Variables	OB (n)	OB %	NB (n)	NB %	Total	Pearson x ²	p value	DF	Lilihood x ²	OR	CI 95 %
F	152	54	130	63		2.423	1.11	1	2.43
M	125	46	80	38		2.423	1.11	1	2.43
Total	277		210		487
I	67	28	73	41
II	156	64	84	48		10.717	0.001*	1	10672	2.02	(1.32:3.09)
III	20	8	20	11		0.057	0.811	1	0.057
Total	243		177		420
NMx	25	9	17	8
PMx	181	66	146	71		0.263	0.608	1	0.264
RMx	68	25	42	21		0.067	0.795	1	0.067
Total	274		205		479
NM	25	9	25	12
PM	149	54	126	62		0.297	0.586	1	0.297
RM	100	37	53	26		3.758	0.053*	1	3,693
Total	274		204		478
NM	71	26	70	34
IM	85	32	65	32		1.164	0.281	1	1.165	1.65	(1.06; 2.58)
SM	114	42	68	34		4.898	0.027*	1	4.897
Total	270		203		473
NLAFH	70	26	41	20
ILAFH	168	62	115	57		0.456	0.499	1	0.459	2.31	(1.28; 4.15)
DLAFH	34	12	46	23		7.926	0.005*	1	7.957	0.43	(0.24; 0.78)
Total	272		202		474
NP	65	24	33	16
BP	56	21	64	32		8.442	0.004*	1	1.746	0.44	(1.30; 3.90)
DP	146	55	106	52		1.746	0.186	1	1.767	3.25	(0.26; 0.77)
Total	267		203		470