Smile analysis in different facial patterns and its correlation with underlying hard tissues

Progress in Orthodontics

Table 2 Comparison of male and female in average growth pattern (comparison of groups 1 and 2)

Parameter	Males	Females	Difference	t value	p value	Significance
Parameter	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Difference	t value	p value	Significance
U1 EXP.	8.65 ± 1.04	8.46 ± .85	.192	0.717	.477	NS
LL-U1	.80 ± 0.97	0.14 ± 0.22	.66	3.308	.002	S^*
IL GAP	9.71 ± 1.64	8.44 ± 0.82	1.276	3.473	.001	S^**
IC WIDTH	40.29 ± 2.39	39.34 ± 1.95	.952	1.544	.129	NS
TW	53.43 ± 3.88	49.66 ± 3.23	3.768	3.736	<0.001	S^***
SW	67.39 ± 4.63	65.76 ± 3.42	1.632	1.419	.162	NS
SI	7.16 ± 1.50	7.87 ± 8.87	7.056	−2.02	.049	S^*
BC_L	13.89 ± 1.542	13.21 ± 1.97	.68	1.358	.181	NS
BC_R	13.66 ± 2.29	12.68 ± 2.01	.98	1.610	.114	NS
PC_L	7.60 ± 2.38	7.99 ± 2.24	−.392	0.60	.552	NS
PC_R	6.82 ± 2.15	7.42 ± 1.95	−.596	1.03	.310	NS
BC RATIO	6.00 ± 5.16	5.99 ± 4.11	6.49	0.049	.961	NS
PC RATIO	7.95 ± 6.71	7.57 ± 6.07	3.832	2.116	.040	S^*
U VERT	5.98 ± 1.27	5.97 ± 1.49	0.012	0.031	.976	NS
L VERT	11.20 ± 1.03	10.33 ± 1.09	.864	2.884	.006	S^**

NS p > 0.05: insignificant
^* p < 0.05, significant at 5 % significance level; ^** p < 0.01, significant at 1 % significance level; ^*** p < 0.001, highly significant