Progress in Orthodontics

Table 3 Mid-palatal suture displacement (mm) after activation of quad-helix and NPE2

From: A comparison of three-dimensional stress distribution and displacement of naso-maxillary complex on application of forces using quad-helix and nickel titanium palatal expander 2 (NPE2): a FEM study

	Quad-helix			NPE2
	X	Y	Z	X	Y	Z
Point A	0.004173	−0.006665	0.008415	0.004138	−0.006013	0.005668
Point B	0.004667	−0.004224	0.012245	0.004367	−0.00415	0.010171
Point C	0.004893	−0.002638	0.012336	0.004564	−0.002295	0.011241
Point D	0.005149	−0.001793	0.012932	0.004922	−0.001159	0.012924

Point A point near incisive foramen, Point D point near palatine bone, Points B and C divide the A–D line into three equal parts, X transverse, Y sagittal, Z vertical, + indicates outward, backward and downward displacement

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