Stress and displacement pattern evaluation using two different palatal expanders in unilateral cleft lip and palate: a three-dimensional finite element analysis

Progress in Orthodontics

Table 2 Stress distribution (MPa) around the sutures and the cleft area

S. no	Sutures	Areas		Bone-borne palatal expander	Conventional HYRAX
1	Pre-maxilla cleft area	Non-cleft side		0.1096	0.2499
1	Pre-maxilla cleft area	Cleft side		0.31694	0.12464
2	Mid-palatal cleft area	Molars	Non-cleft side	0.6899	0.1835
		Molars	Cleft side	0.6824	0.4234
		Pre-molars	Non-cleft side	0.6204	0.2839
		Pre-molars	Cleft side	0.6144	0.1043
		Canine	Non-cleft side	0.8507	0.4001
		Canine	Cleft side	0.7868	0.0779
3	Zygomaticomaxillary suture	Non-cleft side		0.56649	0.34412
3	Zygomaticomaxillary suture	Cleft side		0.6079	0.6046
4	Zygomaticotemporal suture	Non-cleft side		0.7419	0.6104
4	Zygomaticotemporal suture	Cleft side		0.0855	0.10168
5	Nasomaxillary suture	Non-cleft side		0.69559	0.50771
5	Nasomaxillary suture	Cleft side		0.2343	0.33451