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Table 6 Mean (in cN) and standard deviation (SD) of 0.016-in. thermally activated NiTi wires, in the bracket systems (n = 10)

From: Force level of small diameter nickel-titanium orthodontic wires ligated with different methods

Elastic deflection

Damon

Bioquick

EL

ML

p

Mean (S.D.)

Mean (S.D.)

Mean (S.D.)

Mean (S.D.)

0.5 mm

32.66 (3.10)

B

27.47 (5.32)

B

4.28 (3.56)

A

29.04 (16.92)

B

0.000*

1 mm

94.34 (6.65)

A

81.00 (6.67)

A

126.50 (41.57)

B

140.05 (25.26)

B

0.000*

2 mm

212.53 (8.01)

B

180.62 (4.84)

A

211.61 (6.19)

B

219.73 (10.89)

B

0.000*

3 mm

295.28 (12.84)

B

270.62 (4.88)

A

374.67 (15.06)

D

322.26 (13.23)

C

0.000*

  1. *Statistically significant at p < 0.05