Facial esthetic outcome of functional followed by fixed orthodontic treatment of class II division 1 patients

Progress in Orthodontics

Table 2 Mean differences between two repeated ratings performed by 12 raters and one-sample t test testing if the mean difference is significantly different from 0 (systematic error; P < 0.01)

	t	df	Sig. (two-tailed)	Mean difference	SD	95% confidence interval of the difference
	t	df	Sig. (two-tailed)	Mean difference	SD	Lower	Upper
All raters
Face	2.20	143	0.029	3.94	21.42	0.41	7.46
Lower face	0.32	143	0.746	0.67	24.61	− 3.39	4.72
Upper lip	0.55	143	0.584	0.96	20.91	− 2.49	4.40
Lower lip	0.48	143	0.629	1.08	26.73	− 3.32	5.48
Chin	− 0.32	143	0.749	− 0.68	25.38	− 4.86	3.50
Orthodontists
Face	1.22	35	0.231	3.85	18.97	− 2.57	10.27
Lower face	0.53	35	0.600	1.94	21.97	− 5.50	9.37
Upper lip	0.55	35	0.584	1.87	20.32	− 5.00	8.75
Lower lip	1.31	35	0.200	4.32	19.84	− 2.39	11.04
Chin	0.57	35	0.574	1.99	21.02	− 5.13	9.10
Patients
Face	0.83	35	0.410	3.39	24.39	− 4.87	11.64
Lower face	− 0.64	35	0.524	− 3.35	31.15	− 13.89	7.20
Upper lip	− 0.75	35	0.458	− 2.94	23.53	− 10.90	5.02
Lower lip	− 0.73	35	0.470	− 4.80	39.44	− 18.15	8.55
Chin	− 1.18	35	0.248	− 6.98	35.58	− 19.01	5.06
Parents
Face	1.30	35	0.202	4.18	19.30	− 2.35	10.71
Lower face	0.35	35	0.725	1.30	21.94	− 6.13	8.72
Upper lip	0.21	35	0.832	0.69	19.50	− 5.91	7.29
Lower lip	− 0.55	35	0.583	− 2.00	21.65	− 9.32	5.33
Chin	− 0.98	35	0.333	− 3.14	19.20	− 9.63	3.36
Laypersons
Face	1.11	35	0.274	4.33	23.38	− 3.58	12.24
Lower face	0.73	35	0.469	2.78	22.72	− 4.91	10.46
Upper lip	1.24	35	0.223	4.20	20.30	− 2.67	11.07
Lower lip	2.01	35	0.052	6.79	20.28	− 0.07	13.66
Chin	1.51	35	0.139	5.42	21.49	− 1.85	12.69