Table 4 Comparison between females and males during the periods T0–T1 and T1–T2 in the Class III group. Po Porion, Co Condyleon, perp perpendicular, Co-Gn Condyleon-Gnation, Pg Pogonion, FH Frankfurt Horizontal, SN Sella-Nasion, MPA mandibular plane angle, Me Menton, S Sella, Go Gonion, ANS anterior nasal spine, U1 upper incisor, L1 lower incisor, E plane Esthetic plane. * p < 0.05

 Cranial flexure (°)

0.62

2.67

− 0.46

1.26

0.36

2.14

− 0.02

1.55

NS

NS

 Po localization (mm)

− 0.80

2.29

− 2.11

2.51

0.56

3.25

− 2.68

5.12

NS

*

 Anterior cranial base (mm)

3.93

2.49

3.28

2.16

2.08

2.74

2.71

2.69

NS

NS

 Posterior cranial base (mm)

3.74

1.90

2.70

1.92

0.20

2.63

3.51

5.29

NS

*

 Co-point A (mm)

6.94

3.97

5.10

3.66

3.26

3.67

5.84

10.81

NS

NS

 SNA (°)

0.41

2.11

0.49

1.35

0.45

3.54

0.06

1.32

NS

NS

 Point A-Nasion perp (mm)

0.58

2.14

0.35

2.16

0.86

1.83

0.58

2.97

NS

NS

 Maxillary depth (°)

0.60

2.57

0.23

2.20

0.82

1.64

0.70

2.64

NS

NS

 Co-Gn (mm)

11.92

5.13

10.58

6.77

6.49

5.98

8.94

9.02

NS

NS

 SNB (°)

0.00

2.28

0.06

1.12

0.41

2.59

1.65

2.32

NS

NS

 Pg-Nasion perp (mm)

1.26

4.61

0.22

5.46

2.65

3.49

3.84

4.96

NS

NS

 Wits appraisal (mm)

3.16

1.77

2.50

2.12

− 0.46

1.94

− 2.70

2.53

NS

*

 ANB (°)

0.72

1.58

0.48

1.84

− 0.18

1.27

− 1.37

1.06

NS

*

 Maxillary/mandibibular difference (mm)

5.02

3.50

5.28

4.81

3.22

3.23

5.64

7.62

NS

NS

 FH-occlusal plane (°)

− 4.14

3.10

− 1.78

4.22

− 1.22

2.46

− 1.09

3.55

NS

NS

 SN-palatal plane (°)

− 0.46

2.19

− 0.80

2.05

0.45

2.12

− 0.55

3.05

NS

NS

 MPA (°)

− 0.79

2.94

− 0.38

2.81

− 1.47

2.95

− 1.96

2.88

NS

NS

 Nasion-Me (mm)

12.96

5.33

10.62

6.70

4.24

6.33

10.24

19.48

NS

NS

 S-Go (mm)

9.72

3.50

8.10

5.16

3.92

3.59

5.09

5.45

NS

NS

 ANS-Me (mm)

7.36

3.76

5.70

3.43

3.17

3.29

5.82

11.59

NS

NS

 Gonial angle (°)

− 4.68

5.33

− 2.42

3.39

− 0.98

4.55

− 1.08

3.32

NS

NS

 S-Go/Nasion-Me (%)

1.48

2.28

1.95

1.78

1.46

2.76

1.66

2.04

NS

NS

 Facial axis (°)

− 1.33

2.86

− 0.88

2.27

0.88

4.30

1.87

2.68

NS

NS

 Overjet (mm)

4.07

2.44

2.12

2.27

− 0.68

0.70

− 1.09

1.47

*

NS

 Overbite (mm)

1.20

1.55

0.05

2.40

− 0.38

0.75

− 0.64

0.90

NS

NS

 Interincisal angle (°)

− 10.61

14.34

− 5.38

6.06

0.66

6.45

3.55

5.92

NS

NS

 Molar relationship (mm)

2.25

2.17

0.72

1.98

− 0.54

1.23

− 0.76

1.76

NS

NS

 U1 to point A to Nasion perp (mm)

3.10

2.82

1.68

0.96

0.88

1,62

1.14

0.87

NS

NS

 U1 to FH (°)

16.79

28.64

4.82

6.59

− 0.48

3.98

− 0.06

2.85

NS

NS

 L1 to A-Pg (mm)

0.01

1.53

0.52

1.50

0.52

1.39

0.32

1.21

NS

NS

 L1 to MPA (°)

1.32

5.75

− 0.38

2.86

1.27

3.72

− 1.13

4.20

NS

NS

 Lower lip to E plane (mm)

− 0.86

2.00

− 0.93

1.89

− 0.94

2.08

− 1.44

1.61

NS

NS

 Upper lip to E plane (mm)

− 0.17

2.28

− 0.97

2.47

− 1.57

2.08

− 2.63

2.80

NS

NS

 Nasiolabial angle (°)

− 3.03

4.36

− 0.43

5.09

0.76

4.74

1.06

4.36

NS

NS