Mini Hyrax vs Hyrax expanders in the rapid palatal expansion in adolescents with posterior crossbite: a randomized controlled clinical trial

Silveira, Giordani Santos; Abreu, Lucas Guimarães; Palomo, Juan Martin; da Matta Cid Pinto, Larissa Salgado; de Sousa, Adriana Alkmim; Gribel, Bruno Frazão; Oliveira, Dauro Douglas

doi:10.1186/s40510-021-00365-5

Progress in Orthodontics

Table 2 Comparison of the changes during treatment (T2–T0) between the two groups

From: Mini Hyrax vs Hyrax expanders in the rapid palatal expansion in adolescents with posterior crossbite: a randomized controlled clinical trial

Measurements	Differences between groups T0 Mean (SD)^a	Mini Hyrax-group T2–T0 Mean (SD)	Hyrax-group T2–T0 Mean (SD)	Difference between groups Mean (SD)	p value^a	Effect size	CI (95%)	Coefficient (95% CI)/p value^b
Distance 14–24 (mm)	0.50 (3.55)^c	6.55 (0.72)	6.51 (1.19)	0.04 (0.90)	0.914	0.04	− 0.66–0.74	− 0.17 (− 0.87–0.52)/0.608
Distance 15–25 (mm)	− 1.14 (7.19)^c	6.38 (0.64)	6.09 (1.01)	0.29 (0,86)	0.347	0.34	− 0.36–1.04	− 0.33 (− 0.94–0.28)/0.276
Distance 16–26 (mm)	0.35 (5.51)^c	6.23 (0.68)	5.93 (0.75)	0.30 (0.72)	0.272	0.41	− 0.29–1.11	− 0.27 (− 0.78–0.24)/0.290
Rotation 14 (^o)	− 3.09 (12.92)^c	0.76 (5.48)	0.27 (5.30)	0.49 (5.34)	0.803	0.09	− 0.61–0.79	− 1.06 (− 5.08–2.94)/0.588
Rotation 24 (^o)	− 1.18 (11.09)^c	0.62 (5,98)	− 0.84 (6.11)	1.46 (5.92)	0.512	0.24	− 0.46–0.94	− 1.14 (− 5.90–3.60)/0.623
Rotation 15 (^o)	− 6.31 (13.23)^c	1.05 (6.06)	1.77 (3.03)	− 0.72 (4.12)	0.682	0.15	− 0.55–0.85	0.83 (− 3.09–4.76)/0.666
Rotation 25 (^o)	− 1.85 (13.36)^c	− 1.05 (5.77)	0.48 (3.31)	− 1.53 (4.22)	0.380	0.32	− 0.38–1.02	2.05 (− 1.08–5.19)/0.190
Rotation 16 (^o)	− 3.29 (10.02)^c	0.07 (2.57)	− 1.10 (3.94)	1.17 (3.36)	0.341	0.35	− 0.35–1.05	− 1.06 (− 3.78–1.65)/0.427
Rotation 26 (^o)	− 4.29 (10.09)^c	0.67 (3.55)	− 0.68 (3.83)	1.35 (3.61)	0.322	0.36	− 0.34–1.06	− 2.26 (− 4.68–0.16)/0.067
Inclination 14 (^o)	0.39 (7.49)^c	10.81 (5.84)	11.27 (5.25)	-0.46 (5.12)	0.822	0.08	− 0.62–0.78	0.14 (− 4.01–4.30)/0.943
Inclination 24 (^o)	0.59 (8.16)^c	11.78 (5.09)	9.25 (6.31)	2.53 (5.89)	0.238	0.43	− 0.27–1.13	− 2.76 (− 7.07–1.54)/0.199
Inclination 15 (^o)	0.34 (7.29)^c	10.16 (4.19)	10.43 (3.41)	-0.27 (3.29)	0.848	0.07	− 0.63–0.77	0.02 (− 2.92–2.96)/0.989
Inclination 25 (^o)	− 0.18 (12.66)^c	12.17 (3.35)	9.47 (3.75)	2.70 (3.46)	0.047	0.71	0.01–1.41	− 2.68 (− 5.42to − 0.04)/0.049
Inclination 16 (^o)	− 2.09 (10.41)^c	1.75 (4.45)	1.53 (3.03)	0.22 (3.98)	0.876	0.05	− 0.65–0.75	− 0.52 (− 3.47–2.41)/0.715
Inclination 26 (^o)	0.60 (13.90)^c	2.79 (3.51)	1.79 (2.90)	1.00 (3.26)	0.404	0.31	− 0.39–1.01	− 0.84 (− 3.33–1.63)/0.489

^aStudent t test (independent samples). Level of significance p < 0.05. SD standard deviation, CI confidence intervals, disp displacement, mm milimeters, ^o degrees. Rotation measurements: means with negative sign indicates counterclockwise rotation, Inclination measurements: mean with negative sign indicates lingual inclination of teeth on the right side and buccal inclination of teeth on the left side
^bRegression analysis assessing differences between Mini-Hyrax and Hyrax groups of the dental changes (T2–T0), controlling for the dental measures at T0, participants’ age and number of activations of the appliance. Level of significance p < 0.05
^cDenotes no difference between groups. p > 0.05

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