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Upper anterior transversal width (UATW)
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Distance between the cusp tips of upper deciduous or permanent canines.
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Upper posterior transversal width (UPTW)
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Distance between upper permanent molars intersection points between transversal and buccal grooves
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Upper anterior sagittal length (UASL)
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Line drawn from the palatal interincisal midpoint, perpendicular to the conjunction line between the centers of first premolars.
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Upper posterior sagittal length (UPSL)
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Line drawn from the palatal interincisal point, perpendicular to the conjunction line between the distal groove of first molars (or contact point between first and second molar).
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Upper-molar alveolar width (UM-AW)
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Distance between permanent upper first molar, considering the crossing point between lingual groove and gingival border.
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Upper arch length (UAL)
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Sum of right and left distances between the upper incisors most anterior point and second upper deciduous molar or permanent premolar and upper first permanent molar contact point.
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Lower anterior transversal width (LATW)
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In deciduous dentition, distance between the disto-labial cusp tips of lower first deciduous molars; in permanent dentition, distance between first and second premolars contact point.
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Lower posterior transversal width (LPTW)
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Distance between the disto-labial cusp tips of lower first permanent molars.
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Lower anterior sagittal length (LASL)
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Line drawn from the lingual interincisal midpoint, perpendicular to the conjunction line used to measure lower anterior transversal width.
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Lower posterior sagittal length (LPSL)
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Line drawn from the lingual interincisal point, perpendicular to the conjunction line used to measure lower intermolar width.
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Lower arch length (LAL)
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Sum of right and left distances between the lower incisors most anterior point and second lower deciduous molar or permanent premolar and lower first permanent molar contact point.
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Palatal area (area)
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Measure of palatal surface, comprised within the crossing point between lingual groove and gingival border of both deciduous and permanent upper incisors, canines, premolars and molars.
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ANB
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Angle between N-A and N-B
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WITS appraisal (Wits)
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Distance determined by the distance between the orthogonal projections of points A and B on the functional occlusal plane
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FMA
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Angle between Frankfurt plane and mandibular plane
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SN^GoGn
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Angle between Sella-Nasion and Gonion-Gnation
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GSn^SnPg
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Angle between Glabella-Subnasal and Subnasal-Pogonion
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