Three-dimensional oropharyngeal airway changes after facemask therapy using low-dose computed tomography: a clinical trial with a retrospectively collected control group

Progress in Orthodontics

Table 1 Definition of the anatomical landmarks used in the registration of the pre- and post-treatment images^†

landmark	Abbreviation	Axial	Frontal	Sagittal
Tip of the nasal bone	NSTP	Mid-inferior radiopaque point of the Inter-nasal suture	Mid-inferior point of the Inter-nasal suture	Anteroinferior point on the nasal bone in the mid sagittal plane
Tip of Clivus	CLVS	Mid-posterior point of the clivus	Mid-inferior point of the clivus	posterinferior point of the clivus in the mid sagittal plane
Right foramen ovale	ROVAL	Mid-point of the inferior complete circle representing the foramen	Mid-point of radiolucent space representing the foramen	Mid-point of radiolucent space representing the forman
Left foramen ovale	LOVAL	Mid-point of the inferior complete circle representing the foramen	Mid-point of radiolucent space representing the foramen	Mid-point of radiolucent space representing the forman
Right foramen spinosum	RSPNM	Mid- point of the inferior complete circle representing the foramen	Inferior mid-point of the opening to infratemporal fossa
Left foramen spinosum	LSPNM	Mid-point of the inferior complete circle representing the foramen	Inferior mid-point of the opening to infratemporal fossa