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Table 3 Questionnaires (means ± SD)

From: Mini-implant assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) effects on adult obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and quality of life: a multi-center prospective controlled trial

 

Control

Intervention

T1 intergroups comparison (homogeneity)

T1

T2

T1

T2

ESS

11.73 ± 3.27

12.16 ± 3.90

12.87 ± 4.12

7.32 ± 3.61**

0.928

QSQ (total)

4.70 ± 0.95

4.92 ± 0.71

4.28 ± 1.10

5.52 ± 0.50*

0.120

QSQ I (sleepiness)

3.92 ± 1.06

4.12 ± 1.17

3.82 ± 1.26

5.46 ± 0.75*

0.529

QSQ II (diurnal symptons)

4.10 ± 0.99

4.25 ± 1.22

3.90 ± 1.12

5.26 ± 0.70*

0.629

QSQ III (nocturnal symptons)

5.29 ± 0.99

5.43 ± 0.81

4.36 ± 0.95

4.90 ± 1.12*

0.040*

QSQ IV (emotions)

5.17 ± 1.07

4.78 ± 1.26

4.35 ± 1.15

5.70 ± 0.60*

0.181

QSQ V (social interactions)

5.05 ± 1.23

5.34 ± 1.48

4.95 ± 0.80

5.14 ± 0.84

0.320

  1. *Intra-group statistical significance (Wilcoxon signed rank) between T1 and T2 (displayed on T2 column), where: *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001