Fig. 1

The flowchart of data collection and imaging processing of the current study. A, B CBCT scans of the pig head. The red arrow points to the 3D-printed frame, which was used to maintain the pig head position while taking the CBCT scans. C, D Intraoral scans of the pig mandibular arch. E, F Transgingival probing of the mandibular posterior teeth. G–J The AI models training process in the Dragonfly AI suite. K Superposition of the intraoral scans and the AI-reconstructed 3D models was performed using CloudCompare. L, M After alignment, the soft tissue thickness was measured in AutoDesk Meshmixer