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Progress in Orthodontics
Fig. 2 | Progress in Orthodontics

Fig. 2

From: Synergistic effect of wire bending and salivary pH on surface properties and mechanical properties of orthodontic stainless steel archwires

Fig. 2

Schematics of measurements of surface roughness and mechanical properties. a Schematic of surface roughness of bent and straight wires measurement by a profilometer. Wire placed in-between two outer lines, indicated by red arrows. Bent wires were measured at around position 2 and straight wires were measured at positions 1, 2, and 3. b Schematic drawing of the four-point flexural test apparatus for measurements of flexural Young’s modulus and maximum force of bent and straight wires. The distance between the supporting pins ranges from 20 to 25.5 mm (support span), and the distance between the loading pins is 10 mm (load span). Both loading pins move downward to produce force on the wires. c–d Bent and straight wire placed in-between the supporting pins, where the 0.43-mm side of wires are resting upon

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