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Table 3 Mean (in cN) and standard deviation (SD) of 0.014-in. conventional NiTi wires in the bracket systems (n = 10)

From: Force level of small diameter nickel-titanium orthodontic wires ligated with different methods

Elastic deflection

Damon

Bioquick

EL

ML

p

Mean (S.D.)

Mean (S.D.)

Mean (S.D.)

Mean (S.D.)

0.5 mm

24.45 (3.84)

BC

22.57 (6.74)

B

3.36 (1.64)

A

33.36 (12.80)

C

0.000*

1 mm

70.06 (8.19)

A

54.62 (6.12)

A

69.52 (41.57)

A

118.26 (25.26)

B

0.000*

2 mm

196.92 (7.79)

B

167.14 (6.30)

A

190.65 (6.36)

B

214.84 (7.43)

C

0.000*

3 mm

235.42 (8.89)

B

224.33 (5.62)

A

277.70 (9.84)

C

274.84 (6.47)

C

0.000*

  1. *Statistically significant at p < 0.05