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Table 1 Means and standard deviations (SD) of the horizontal force component (Fx) for modified aligners (z11 = cut on tooth 11; z12–21 = cut from tooth 12 to 21) and uncut (none) aligners during palatal and vestibular tipping (± 0.151 mm deflection distance) for all three materials used

From: Removable thermoplastic appliances modified by incisal cuts show altered biomechanical properties during tipping of a maxillary central incisor

Tipping range

Material thickness

Material

Cut

N

Mean (N)

SD (N)

−0.151 mm palatal

1 mm

Biolon®

None

5

4.03

0.36

 

Erkodur®

None

5

2.56

0.57

 

IdealClear®

None

5

2.91

0.42

  

Biolon®

z11

5

3.0

0.40

  

Erkodur®

z11

5

1.94

0.48

  

IdealClear®

z11

5

2.28

0.20

  

Biolon®

z12–21

5

1.70

0.12

  

Erkodur®

z12–21

5

1.49

0.25

  

IdealClear®

z12–21

5

1.48

0.59

+0.151 mm vestibular

1 mm

Biolon®

None

5

5.41

0.74

 

Erkodur®

None

5

3.11

0.23

 

IdealClear®

None

5

3.05

0.80

  

Biolon®

z11

5

4.07

0.26

  

Erkodur®

z11

5

2.47

0.74

  

IdealClear®

z11

5

2.78

0.55

  

Biolon®

z12–21

5

2.09

0.40

  

Erkodur®

z12–21

5

1.75

0.33

  

IdealClear®

z12–21

5

1.72

0.89