Table 1 Characteristics of included studies
Study | Design; setting; country$ | Patients (M/F); age* | Intervention; duration# | Follow-up | Imaging method | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Arat et al. [38] | uNRS; Uni; TUR | CI. II/1; ANB ≥ 4°; SN-ML 25-32° EG, 9 (2/7); 11.2 CG, 9 (4/5); 9.7 | Activator; 16.0 | Pre-Tx 6.0 mos post-Tx (24.0 mos) | MRI | Condyle-to-disc angle (ant/mid/post) Joint space (anterior/posterior/medial) |
Arici et al. [39] | RCT; Uni; TUR | CI. II/1; OJ > 5 mm; Mnd RTG EG, 30 (13/17); NR CG, 30 (9/21); NR | FNFS; 7.0 | Pre-Tx Post-Tx (7.0 mos) | CT | COND volume GF volume Joint space volume (anterior/posterior) |
RCT; Uni; USA | CI. II/1 ≥ ¾ unit; OJ > 4.5-10.0 mm EG, 28 (NR); 10.3 CG, 25 (NR); 10.9 | Fränkel-2; 18.0 | Pre-Tx Post-Tx (18.0 mos) | MRI | PCA of skeletal morphology | |
Chavan et al. [42] | uNRS; Uni; IND | CI. II/1 EG1, 10 (6/4); 12.5 EG2, 10 (4/6); 11.5 CG, 10 (3/7); 12.0 | EG1: Twin Block EG2: Bionator | Pre-Tx 6.0 mos in Tx | MRI | SAG disc concentricity SAG disc position |
pNRS; pract; THA | CI. II/1; OJ > 5 mm; Mnd RTG EG, 19 (14/5); 11.7 CG, 21 (13/8); 11.5 | Twin Block; 6.0 | Pre-Tx 6.0 mos in Tx | MRI | Condylar axial angle Coronal disc position Eminence angle SAG disc concentricity SAG disc position | |
Croft et al. [45] | rNRS; pract; USA | ANB ≥4°; Cl. II ≥ ½ unit EG, 40 (16/24); 8.5 CG†, 40; NR (matched) | RME/Herbst/EGA; 11.0 | Pre-Tx Post-Tx (11.0 mos) 2.7 years post-Tx | CT | Condylar growth GF displacement Joint space (anterior/posterior/superior) |
Elfeky et al. [46] | uNRS; Uni; EGY | Cl. II ≥ ½ unit; Mnd RTG; V-pattern EG, 22 (0/22); NR CG†, 18 (0/18); NR | Twin Block; 9.4 | Pre-Tx Post-Tx (9.4 mos) | CBCT | COND position COND size GF position Joint space (anterior/posterior/superior/medial) |
RCT; Uni; BRA | CI. II/1 EG, 28 (15/13); 10.3 CG, 28 (14/14); 10.9 | Fränkel-2; 18.0 | Pre-Tx Post-Tx (18.0 mos) | MRI | Disc position Disc shape |