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Table 1 Perception of improvement in the QoL dimensions after orthodontic and surgical treatment

From: Perception of quality of life by children and adolescents with cleft lip/palate after orthodontic and surgical treatment: gender and age analysis

 

Before

Mean (SD)

After

Mean (SD)

t

p

d-Cohen

Physical health

 Physical function

6.63 (4.01)

3.20 (2.44)

8.083

< .000

1.03

 Communication

3.85 (2.50)

2.03 (1.86)

6.850

< .000

.82

 Pain

.61 (.85)

.34 (.71)

2.519

.015

.34

Psychological health

 Self-concept

3.02 (2.60)

2.03 (2.08)

4.448

< .000

.42

 Behaviour

1.16 (1.31)

.70 (.99)

3.746

< .000

.40

Social health

 Social function

1.13 (1.15)

.60 (.90)

4.361

< .000

.51