From: Sexual dimorphism in the long-term stability (10 years) of skeletal Class III treatment
Cephalometric measures | EG | CG | T0–T1 (t test EG vs. CG) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Females | Males | Females | Males | |||||||
Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Significance | Significance | |
Cranial base | ||||||||||
Cranial flexure (°) | 0.62 | 2.67 | − 0.46 | 1.26 | 0.73 | 1.70 | − 0.56 | 1.49 | NS | NS |
Po localization (mm) | − 0.80 | 2.29 | − 2.11 | 2.51 | − 0.87 | 2.30 | − 0.95 | 1.51 | NS | NS |
Anterior cranial base (mm) | 3.93 | 2.49 | 3.28 | 2.16 | 2.16 | 2.55 | 1.56 | 2.05 | NS | * |
Posterior cranial base (mm) | 3.74 | 1.90 | 2.70 | 1.92 | 1.50 | 2.31 | 2.56 | 1.69 | ** | NS |
Maxillary skeletal | ||||||||||
Co-point A (mm) | 6.94 | 3.97 | 5.10 | 3.66 | 3.09 | 2.16 | 2.36 | 2.24 | ** | * |
SNA (°) | 0.41 | 2.11 | 0.49 | 1.35 | − 0.75 | 2.07 | − 0.06 | 1.04 | NS | NS |
Point A-Nasion perp (mm) | 0.58 | 2.14 | 0.35 | 2.16 | − 0.23 | 2.23 | − 1.56 | 1.10 | NS | ** |
Maxillary depth (°) | 0.60 | 2.57 | 0.23 | 2.20 | − 0.22 | 2.09 | − 1.34 | 0.84 | NS | * |
Mandibular skeletal | ||||||||||
Co-Gn (mm) | 11.92 | 5.13 | 10.58 | 6.77 | 6.38 | 4.06 | 7.64 | 3.77 | ** | NS |
SNB (°) | 0.00 | 2.28 | 0.06 | 1.12 | 0.11 | 1.60 | 0.74 | 1.59 | NS | NS |
Pg-Nasion perp (mm) | 1.26 | 4.61 | 0.22 | 5.46 | 1.50 | 3.00 | − 0.40 | 1.83 | NS | NS |
Maxillary/mandibular | ||||||||||
Wits appraisal (mm) | 3.16 | 1.77 | 2.50 | 2.12 | − 0.74 | 1.21 | − 0.26 | 0.82 | *** | *** |
ANB (°) | 0.72 | 1.58 | 0.48 | 1.84 | − 0.85 | 1.18 | − 0.91 | 1.12 | ** | * |
Maxillary/mandibibular difference (mm) | 5.02 | 3.50 | 5.28 | 4.81 | 3.62 | 2.20 | 4.37 | 2.16 | NS | NS |
Vertical skeletal | ||||||||||
FH-occlusal plane (°) | − 4.14 | 3.10 | − 1.78 | 4.22 | − 1.62 | 2.64 | − 0.62 | 2.78 | * | NS |
SN-palatal plane (°) | − 0.46 | 2.19 | − 0.80 | 2.05 | 1.49 | 3.15 | − 0.96 | 1.84 | NS | NS |
MPA (°) | − 0.79 | 2.94 | − 0.38 | 2.81 | − 0.56 | 2.22 | 0.47 | 1.99 | NS | NS |
Nasion-Me (mm) | 12.96 | 5.33 | 10.62 | 6.70 | 6.52 | 5.54 | 7.75 | 4.87 | ** | NS |
S-Go (mm) | 9.72 | 3.50 | 8.10 | 5.16 | 4.55 | 4.64 | 6.17 | 3.36 | ** | NS |
ANS-Me (mm) | 7.36 | 3.76 | 5.70 | 3.43 | 3.37 | 3.25 | 3.00 | 2.97 | ** | * |
Gonial angle (°) | − 4.68 | 5.33 | − 2.42 | 3.39 | − 1.94 | 1.99 | − 1.74 | 2.69 | NS | NS |
Facial pattern | ||||||||||
S-Go/Nasion-Me (%) | 1.48 | 2.28 | 1.95 | 1.78 | 0.86 | 2.30 | 1.70 | 1.56 | NS | NS |
Facial axis (°) | − 1.33 | 2.86 | − 0.88 | 2.27 | − 0.46 | 1.56 | − 0.26 | 1.53 | NS | NS |
Interdental | ||||||||||
Overjet (mm) | 4.07 | 2.44 | 2.12 | 2.27 | − 1.14 | 1.48 | − 2.06 | 1.48 | *** | *** |
Overbite (mm) | 1.20 | 1.55 | 0.05 | 2.40 | − 0.85 | 1.89 | − 1.14 | 1.50 | ** | NS |
Interincisal angle (°) | − 10.61 | 14.34 | − 5.38 | 6.06 | − 6.90 | 11.73 | − 8.72 | 13.10 | NS | NS |
Molar relationship (mm) | 2.25 | 2.17 | 0.72 | 1.98 | − 1.06 | 1.23 | − 1.85 | 1.27 | *** | *** |
Dentoalveolar | ||||||||||
U1 to point A to Nasion perp (mm) | 3.10 | 2.82 | 1.68 | 0.96 | 0.62 | 2.71 | 1.27 | 1.35 | * | NS |
U1 to FH (°) | 16.79 | 28.64 | 4.82 | 6.59 | 3.66 | 10.42 | 3.86 | 7.09 | NS | NS |
L1 to A-Pg (mm) | 0.01 | 1.53 | 0.52 | 1.50 | 1.65 | 2.07 | 2.33 | 1.55 | * | ** |
L1 to MPA (°) | 1.32 | 5.75 | − 0.38 | 2.86 | 3.16 | 6.18 | 1.40 | 3.57 | NS | NS |
Soft tissue relationship | ||||||||||
Lower lip to E plane (mm) | − 0.86 | 2.00 | − 0.93 | 1.89 | − 0.83 | 2.06 | − 0.92 | 1.42 | NS | NS |
Upper lip to E plane (mm) | − 0.17 | 2.28 | − 0.97 | 2.47 | − 1.44 | 2.12 | − 1.92 | 1.37 | NS | NS |
Nasiolabial angle (°) | − 3.03 | 4.36 | − 0.43 | 5.09 | − 0.70 | 6.63 | 1.63 | 2.04 | NS | NS |