Three-dimensional volumetric evaluation of the different mandibular segments using CBCT in patients affected by juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a cross-sectional study

Progress in Orthodontics

Table 4 Mean difference, standard deviation (SD) and percentage (%) difference of volume for each variable between the following groups: unilateral affected side (Uni-Aff), unilateral unaffected side (Uni-UnAff), bilateral JIA patients (Bil-Aff) and control healthy group (Ctrl)

Volume (mm³)	∆ (Uni-UnAff − Uni-Aff)	Relative difference	∆ (Uni-Aff − Bil-Aff ^A)	Relative difference	∆ (Ctrl^A − Uni-Aff)	Relative difference	∆ (Uni-UnAff − BilAff)	Relative difference	∆ (Uni-UnAff − Ctrl^A)	Relative difference	∆ (Ctrl^A − BilAff)	Relative decrease
Volume (mm³)	Mean ± SD	%	∆Mean ± SD	%	Mean ± SD	%	Mean ± SD	%	Mean ± SD	%	Mean ± SD	%
Hemimandible	2741.63 ± 1672.81	10.1	− 228.36 ± 6001.08	1.2	2565.96 ± 8347.69	11.1	2145.6 ± 6412.55	8.9	− 192.00 ± 8185.45	0.8	2565.96 ± 7621.32	9.6
Condyle	510.59 ± 223.99	34.6	− 139.08 ± 529.45	12.7	515.01 ± 386.67	35.7	350.85 ± 630.01	25.3	− 25.08 ± 496.62	1.8	375.93 ± 390.98	26.2
Ramus	813.21 ± 398.47	15.2	− 136.36 ± 1945.89	0.8	939.13 ± 2511.52	16.5	753.57 ± 2074.63	13.4	− 149.20 ± 2574.916	2.7	902.77 ± 1969.66	16
Hemibody	1488.42 ± 1270.53	6.8	14.09 ± 3761.91	0.1	1172.86 ± 4837.85	6.6	1206.99 ± 3912.12	6.7	48.22 ± 4673.04	0.3	1158,77 ± 4681.54	6.5

	∆ (Unilateral JIA^B − Bilateral JIA^A)				∆ (Unilateral JIA^B − Ctrl^A)				∆ (Bilateral JIA^A − Ctrl ^A)
Mandible Tot ^a	1916.24 ± 1137.49			4.1	− 2420.92 ± 3132.36			4.9	− 4336.16 ± 2357.68			9.8

Uni-Aff affected side—unilateral JIA, Uni-UnAff unaffected side—unilateral JIA, Bil-Aff bilateral JIA, Ctrl control group
*p value < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant
^AValues are means ± standard deviations of each patient average value between right hemimandible and left hemimandible
^BValues are means ± standard deviations of each patient average value between unilateral affected side and unilateral unaffected side