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Table 3 Intra-group comparison (T0-T1) of the two studied groups

From: A quantitative three-dimensional comparative study of alveolar bone changes and apical root resorption between clear aligners and fixed orthodontic appliances

 

Fixed appliances

Clear aligners

Pretreatment (Mean ± SD)

Post-treatment (Mean ± SD)

p value

Pretreatment (Mean ± SD)

Post-treatment (Mean ± SD)

p value

Bone thickness

Central

Labial

S1

0.87 ± 0.39

0.70 ± 0.48

0.001a**

0.84 ± 0.36

0.70 ± 0.55

0.088b

S2

1.10 ± 0.40

1.15 ± 0.58

0.839b

0.89 ± 0.37

0.95 ± 0.44

0.545b

S3

1.07 ± 0.64

1.27 ± 1.00

0.407a

1.00 ± 0.31

0.91 ± 0.63

0.539a

Average

1.07 ± 0.50

1.09 ± 0.74

0.205b

0.94 ± 0.35

0.85 ± 0.55

0.096b

Palatal

S1

1.65 ± 0.68

1.31 ± 0.74

0.001a**

1.51 ± 0.52

1.24 ± 0.70

0.048b*

S2

3.25 ± 1.07

2.69 ± 1.25

0.000b***

3.00 ± 1.14

3.05 ± 1.13

0.361a

S3

4.73 ± 1.69

4.22 ± 2.06

0.022b*

4.64 ± 1.86

4.81 ± 1.58

0.125b

Average

3.23 ± 1.74

2.76 ± 1.87

0.000b***

3.05 ± 1.82

3.03 ± 1.88

0.623b

Total

2.15 ± 1.68

1.92 ± 1.64

0.000b***

1.99 ± 1.68

1.94 ± 1.76

0.596b

Lateral

Labial

S1

0.79 ± 0.54

0.45 ± 0.59

0.000a***

0.85 ± 0.53

0.62 ± 0.58

0.007**

S2

0.94 ± 0.48

1.01 ± 0.61

0.607b

0.84 ± 0.58

0.65 ± 0.66

0.013a*

S3

0.81 ± 0.51

0.93 ± 0.82

0.143a

0.73 ± 0.65

0.61 ± 0.72

0.068a

Average

0.84 ± 0.51

0.80 ± 0.72

0.218b

0.80 ± 0.58

0.63 ± 0.65

0.000b***

Palatal

S1

1.34 ± 0.54

1.12 ± 0.79

0.049b*

1.23 ± 0.55

1.24 ± 0.86

0.514a

S2

2.38 ± 0.88

2.05 ± 1.22

0.022a*

2.37 ± 1.12

2.48 ± 1.29

0.037b*

S3

3.97 ± 1.29

3.39 ± 1.76

0.036a*

3.76 ± 1.34

3.88 ± 1.56

0.034b*

Average

2.51 ± 1.38

2.19 ± 1.61

0.001b**

2.45 ± 1.48

2.78 ± 1.96

0.000a***

Total

1.67 ± 1.33

1.49 ± 1.42

0.001b**

1.63 ± 1.39

1.71 ± 1.81

0.137b

Bone height

Central incisors

Labial

2.02 ± 0.59

2.94 ± 1.50

0.000b***

2.10 ± 0.55

3.00 ± 2.35

0.000b**

Palatal

1.47 ± 0.66

2.30 ± 1.78

0.000b***

1.60 ± 0.51

2.29 ± 1.57

0.000a***

Lateral incisors

Labial

2.56 ± 1.43

3.41 ± 1.69

0.000b***

2.84 ± 1.81

4.85 ± 3.88

0.000b***

Palatal

1.71 ± 0.60

2.73 ± 1.92

0.000a***

1.99 ± 1.53

2.44 ± 1.21

0.002b**

Root Resorption

Central incisors

11.82 ± 1.68

11.14 ± 2.10

0.000a***

12.14 ± 1.67

11.86 ± 1.60

0.000a***

Lateral incisors

12.50 ± 1.36

11.95 ± 1.24

0.000a***

12.72 ± 1.24

12.38 ± 1.37

0.000a***

Inclination

UI-PP

118.24 ± 6.65

119.47 ± 7.38

0.502a

117.63 ± 7.0

113.12 ± 5.42

0.044a*

  1. a: paired sample t test, b: Wilcoxon signed-rank test, *: p < 0.05, **:p < 0.01, ***:p < 0.001