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Progress in Orthodontics

Table 5 Comparison of cephalometric, skeletal, dental, and soft tissue mean changes among the groups

From: Dentofacial effects of miniscrew-anchored maxillary protraction on prepubertal children with maxillary deficiency: a randomized controlled trial

Parameter

Treated group

Mean (SD)

Control group

Mean (SD)

MD

95% CI

P value

Or-VR (mm)

3.37 ± 0.39

0.73 ± 0.32

2.63

2.35–2.90

< 0.001*

Ptm-VR (mm)

2.51 ± 0.247

0.56 ± 0.16

1.95

1.78–2.11

< 0.001*

A-VR (mm)

4.34 ± 0.51

0.87 ± 0.34

3.46

3.12–3.80

< 0.001*

B-VR (mm)

− 0.26 ± 0.41

1.37 ± 0.47

− 1.64

− 1.98 to − 1.31

< 0.001*

Pg-VR (mm)

− 0.30 ± 0.43

1.50 ± 0.41

− 1.80

− 2.13 to − 1.48

< 0.001*

A-NPerp (mm)

5.10 ± 0.49

0.35 ± 0.42

4.75

4.39–5.10

< 0.001*

Wits (mm)

5.27 ± 1.07

0.28 ± 0.45

4.99

4.34–5.64

< 0.001*

Co-A (mm)

4.54 ± 0.65

1.10 ± 0.39

3.44

3.02–3.87

< 0.001*

Co-Gn (mm)

1.47 ± 0.25

2.12 ± 1.12

− 0.65

− 1.22 to − 0.07

0.063

SNA (°)

4.64 ± 0.95

0.42 ± 0.21

4.21

3.66–4.77

< 0.001*

SNB (°)

− 0.25 ± 0.47

1.03 ± 0.59

− 1.29

− 1.70 to − 0.89

< 0.001*

ANB (°)

4.90 ± 1.31

− 0.61 ± 0.55

5.51

4.72–6.31

< 0.001*

SNO (°)

2.79 ± 0.50

0.30 ± 0.18

2.49

2.18–2.79

< 0.001*

ANS-Me (mm)

1.26 ± 0.40

0.76 ± 0.41

0.50

0.20–0.81

0.002*

SN-MP (°)

0.86 ± 1.07

0.49 ± 0.58

0.37

− 0.31 to 1.04

0.242

SN-PP (°)

0.07 ± 0.99

− 0.27 ± 0.83

0.35

− 0.36–1.10

0.320

Ar-Go-Me (°)

− 2.32 ± 0.81

− 0.13 ± 0.52

− 2.19

− 2.71 to − 1.65

< 0.001*

Is-yMx (mm)

2.38 ± 0.59

0.85 ± 0.29

1.53

1.19–1.87

< 0.001*

Ms-yMx (mm)

1.03 ± 0.44

0.50 ± 0.23

0.53

0.25–0.81

< 0.001*

Ii-yMd (mm)

2.10 ± 0.38

0.47 ± 0.17

1.63

1.41–1.85

< 0.001*

Overjet (mm)

5.97 ± 0.65

0.50 ± 0.14

5.47

5.12–5.81

< 0.001*

Is-PP (°)

2.31 ± 2.57

0.36 ± 0.20

1.95

0.48–3.42

0.011*

Ii-MP (°)

1.19 ± 0.59

0.58 ± 0.35

0.61

0.23–0.99

0.003*

Is-xMx (mm)

0.61 ± 0.25

0.45 ± 0.22

0.15

− 0.03 to 0.33

0.095

Ms-xMx (mm)

1.43 ± 0.48

0.60 ± 0.28

0.84

0.54–1.13

< 0.001*

Ii-xMd (mm)

0.60 ± 0.20

0.42 ± 0.18

0.18

0.03–0.32

0.019*

Overbite (mm)

− 1.36 ± 0.38

− 0.51 ± 0.26

− 0.85

− 1.10 to − 0.60

< 0.001*

A’-VR (mm)

4.27 ± 0.76

0.62 ± 0.28

3.65

3.22–4.10

< 0.001*

Ls-VR (mm)

3.15 ± 1.30

1.06 ± 0.78

2.09

1.30–2.87

< 0.001*

Li-VR (mm)

− 0.24 ± 0.54

1.39 ± 0.44

− 1.63

− 2.01 to − 1.25

< 0.001*

B’-VR (mm)

− 0.72 ± 0.35

1.04 ± 0.66

− 1.78

− 2.20 to − 1.35

< 0.001*

Pg’-VR (mm)

− 0.88 ± 0.28

1.53 ± 0.34

− 2.41

− 2.65 to − 2.17

< 0.001*

  1. SD standard deviation; MD mean difference; CI confidence interval
  2. *Statistically significant at P < 0.05, independent-samples t test
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