Forces and moments generated by 3D direct printed clear aligners of varying labial and lingual thicknesses during lingual movement of maxillary central incisor: an in vitro study

Progress in Orthodontics

Table 4 Comparison of forces and moments generated by direct printed aligners of the 5 tested groups on the UR1

Force	Group 1		Group 2		Group 3		Group 4		Group 5		P value^a
Force	Median	IQR	Median	IQR	Median	IQR	Median	IQR	Median	IQR	P value^a
Fx	0.50	0.36–0.68	0.17	0.07–0.27	0.31	0.13–0.46	0.20	0.10–0.32	0.13	− 0.01 to 0.30	< 0.001
Fy	− 1.41	− 2.08 to − 0.60	− 0.98	− 2.05 to − 0.30	− 3.80	− 4.79 to − 2.47	− 1.67	− 2.41 to − 0.85	− 2.82	− 3.22 to − 1.43	< 0.001
Fz	− 0.10	− 0.16 to − 0.03	− 0.32	− 0.44 to − 0.20	− 0.33	− 0.43 to − 0.23	− 0.28	− 0.35 to − 0.16	− 0.21	− 0.30 to − 0.12	< 0.001
Mx	− 10.56	− 13.01 to − 8.64	− 4.51	− 6.71 to − 2.93	− 11.11	− 11.85 to − 8.71	− 9.46	− 10.55 to − 8.39	− 8.95	− 10.88 to − 7.25	< 0.001
My	3.30	2.12–4.27	− 0.72	− 2.44 to 0.88	4.24	1.99–5.32	0.46	− 0.94 to 2.01	2.58	1.19–4.25	< 0.001
Mz	18.78	10.36–29.20	13.29	5.91–24.62	45.64	30.85–56.10	21.78	13.29–29.89	33.76	17.55–38.91	< 0.001