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Progress in Orthodontics
Fig. 1 | Progress in Orthodontics

Fig. 1

From: Extracellular vesicles derived from M1 macrophages enhance rat midpalatal suture expansion by promoting initial bone turnover and inflammation

Fig. 1

Identification of M1, M2 polarized macrophages following PBS (control), IFN-γ or IL-4 stimulus. A Expression of CD86 (M1 marker) in polarized RAW 264.7 cells analysed by flow cytometry; B Statistical results of the proportion of polarized RAW 264.7 cells from flow cytometry; C–D Gene expression in polarized RAW 264.7 cells analysed by qRT-PCR. IL-1β, INOS were used as M1 markers; ARG1, TGF-β were used as M2 markers; normalized to GAPDH and relative to PBS group (unstimulated cells). Data were collected from three independent experiments and presented as mean ± SD. Differences were analyzed by one-way ANOVA (B–D. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001 represent significant differences between the groups. Arg1, Arginine-1; IFN-γ, interferon γ; IL-1β, Interleukin-1 β; IL-4, interleukin-4; iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; mRNA, messenger RNA; SD, standard deviation; TGF-β, Transforming growth factor-β; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α

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