Table 2 Trial characteristics (N = 196)
Trial characteristic | N (%) |
|---|---|
Year of publication | Â |
2017 | 37 (18.8) |
2018 | 35 (17.9) |
2019 | 36 (18.4) |
2020 | 41 (20.9) |
2021 | 40 (20.4) |
2022 | 7 (3.6) |
Number of authors | Â |
1–3 | 43 (21.9) |
4–6 | 105 (53.6) |
> 7 | 48 (25.5) |
Continent of corresponding author | Â |
Europe | 79 (40.3) |
Americas | 44 (22.5) |
Asia and other | 73 (37.2) |
Type of product | Â |
Marketed | 128 (65.3) |
Non-marketed | 68 (34.7) |
Intervention type | Â |
Orthodontic bracket | 13 (6.6) |
Orthodontic archwire | 9 (4.6) |
Removable appliance | 28 (14.3) |
Non-surgical adjunctive | 21 (10.7) |
Surgical adjunctive | 7 (3.6) |
Oral health | 11 (5.6) |
Orthodontic auxiliaries | 13 (6.6) |
Materials | 29 (14.8) |
Growth modification | 35 (17.9) |
Medication (e.g. topical LA) | 5 (2.5) |
Retention | 18 (9.2) |
Technology (e.g. mobile app, social media) | 6 (3.1) |
Radiographs | 1 (0.5) |
Justification of intervention | Â |
Accelerate treatment | 18 (9.2) |
Aesthetics | 2 (1.0) |
Reduce iatrogenic effects | 48 (24.5) |
Retain tooth position | 18 (9.2) |
Reduce pain | 17 (8.7) |
Improve knowledge Oral health | 9 (4.6) |
Dental development | 7 (3.6) |
Treatment efficiency | 66 (33.7) |
Compliance | 9 (4.5) |
Systemic effects | 2 (1.0) |
Direction of intervention effect | Â |
Positive effect compared to control | 88 (44.9) |
Negative effect compared to control | 15 (7.7) |
No difference detected between interventions or between intervention and untreated control | 93 (47.4) |
Declaration of conflict of interest | Â |
Conflicts exist and declared | 9 (4.6) |
No conflicts to declare | 130 (66.3) |
Not clearly declared | 57 (29.1) |
Declaration of industry funding | Â |
Industry funded and declared | 34 (17.4) |
No industry sponsorship to declare | 103 (52.5) |
Not clearly declared | 59 (30.1) |
Total | 196 (100.0) |