Table 1 Landmark definitions
Point number | Point name | Point definition |
|---|---|---|
1 and 2 | Endocanthion | Point at the inner commissure of the eye fissure |
3 and 4 | Alar point | The most lateral point on each alar contour (adjusted on the frontal and lateral views) |
5 and 6 | Columella point | The point located at the lateral aspects of the central region of the columella (on the submental view) |
7 and 8 | Cheilion | The point located at each labial commissure |
9 | Labiale superius (Ls) | The midpoint of the vermilion line of the upper lip |
10 | Labiale inferius (Li) | The midpoint of the vermilion line of the lower lip |
11 | Pronasale (Prn) | The most anterior midpoint of the nasal tip (adjusted on the frontal and lateral views) |
12 | Soft tissue Pogonion | The most anterior point of the soft tissue of the chin |