Table 2 Mean changes in cephalometric angles, linear measurements, horizontal changes (x-axis) and vertical changes (y-axis) between T0–T1, T1–T2 and T0–T2
From: Skeletal stability of inter-molar mandibular distraction osteogenesis in growing patients
|  | Distraction osteogenesis (T0–T1) | Orthodontics (T1–T2) | Treatment (T0–T2) |
|---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |
Angular changes | |||
SNA | 0.06 (0.27) | 0.11 (1.05) | 0.17 (1.05) |
SNB | 4.74 (1.10) |  − 0.39 (1.22) | 4.35 (1.53) |
ANB |  − 4.46 (1.03) | 0.47 (1.15) |  − 4.19 (1.36) |
MxMd | 0.47 (2.29) | 1.03 (2.46) | 1.50 (3.18) |
MPA | 0.46 (2.07) |  − 0.34 (2.05) | 0.12 (2.78) |
AMA | 7.47 (2.96) |  − 5.94 (2.66) | 1.53 (1.82) |
Linear changes | |||
Mx (CoA) | 1.14 (1.41) |  − 0.44 (2.18) | 0.69 (1.66) |
Md (CoGn) | 7.08 (1.58) |  − 0.41 (3.50) | 6.66 (2.77) |
LFH (ANS-Me) | 1.88 (2.81) | 0.34 (2.46) | 2.22 (3.30) |
Horizontal changes (x-axis) | |||
S |  − 0.04 (0.18) |  − 0.02 (0.44) |  − 0.06 (0.47) |
ANS | 0.03 (0.25) | 0.70 (1.39) | 0.73 (1.44) |
PNS | 0.02 (0.41) |  − 0.36 (2.47) |  − 0.34 (2.38) |
A | 0.02 (0.12) | 0.16 (0.81) | 0.18 (0.84) |
Co |  − 1.21 (1.52) | 0.88 (2.25) |  − 0.33 (1.66) |
Go |  − 0.81 (2.14) |  − 0.46 (1.64) |  − 1.27 (1.63) |
B | 7.33 (1.75) |  − 0.55 (1.82) | 6.78 (2.47) |
Pg | 5.84 (2.09) |  − 0.12 (2.05) | 5.71 (2.84) |
Gn | 5.34 (2.15) | 0.00 (2.24) | 5.34 (2.66) |
Me | 5.21 (2.45) | 0.01 (2.30) | 5.21 (2.84) |
Vertical changes (y-axis) | |||
S | 0.06 (0.26) |  − 0.08 (0.52) |  − 0.02 (0.52) |
ANS |  − 0.12 (0.23) |  − 0.05 (1.01) |  − 0.17 (0.95) |
PNS |  − 0.05 (0.48) |  − 1.32 (1.45) |  − 1.36 (1.36) |
A |  − 0.17 (0.35) |  − 0.60 (1.04) |  − 0.77 (1.06) |
Co |  − 0.35 (1.15) | 0.41 (2.37) | 0.06 (2.34) |
Go |  − 0.22 (2.09) |  − 0.56 (2.69) |  − 0.78 (2.84) |
B |  − 4.37 (3.14) | 0.72 (3.71) |  − 3.65 (4.28) |
Pg |  − 3.23 (2.63) | 0.40 (3.13) |  − 2.83 (2.84) |
Gn |  − 3.90 (2.35) | 0.21 (2.70) |  − 3.69 (3.11) |
Me |  − 3.63 (2.47) |  − 0.18 (2.73) |  − 3.81 (3.28) |